Dr. M.J. Bazos,
Patient Handout
Diet:
Choosing Healthy, Low-Fat Foods
Eating healthy foods doesn't mean losing
flavor. You can choose and prepare low-fat foods that your family will enjoy.
Just follow the advice below.
Breads, Cereals, Rice and Pasta
Whole-grain breads are low in fat;
they're also high in fiber and complex carbohydrates. Choose these breads for
sandwiches and as additions to meals. Avoid rich bakery foods such as donuts,
sweet rolls and muffins. These foods can contain more than 50% fat calories.
Snacks like angel food cake and gingersnap cookies can
satisfy your sweet tooth without adding fat to your diet. Hot and cold cereals
are usually low in fat. But granola cereals may have high-fat oils and extra
sugars. Instant cereals with "cream" may also have high-fat oils or butterfat.
Avoid fried snacks. Try the low-fat or baked versions.
Vegetables and Fruits
Eat at least 5 servings of
vegetables and fruits a day. Fruits and vegetables are naturally low in fat, and
they add flavor and variety to your diet. They also contain fiber, vitamins and
minerals. Margarine, butter, mayonnaise and sour cream add fat to vegetables and
fruits. Instead, use herbs and yogurt as
seasonings.
Meat, Poultry, Fish, Dry
Beans, Eggs and Nuts
Beef,
Pork, Veal and Lamb
Baking, broiling
and roasting are the healthiest ways to prepare meat. Lean cuts can be pan
-broiled or stir-fried. Use either a nonstick pan or nonstick spray coating.
Trim outside fat before cooking. Trim any inside, separable fat before eating.
Select low-fat, lean cuts of meat. Lean beef and veal cuts have the word "loin"
or "round" in their names. Lean pork cuts have the word "loin" or "leg" in their
names. Use herbs, spices, fresh vegetables, and nonfat marinades to season meat.
Avoid high-fat sauces and gravies.
Poultry
Baking, broiling and roasting are the
healthiest ways to prepare poultry. Skinless poultry can be pan-broiled or
stir-fried. Use either a nonstick pan or nonstick spray
coating.
Remove skin and visible fat
before cooking. Choose low-fat breast cuts. Chicken breasts are a good choice,
since they are low in fat. Only use domestic goose and duck once in a while,
since both are high in fat.
Fish
Poaching, steaming, baking and
broiling are the healthiest ways to prepare fish. Fresh fish should have firm,
springy flesh, a clear color, a moist look and a clean smell. If good-quality
fresh fish isn't available, buy frozen fish.
Most seafood is low in saturated fat.
Omega-3 fatty acids, found in some fatty fish, like salmon and cold water trout,
may help lower the risk of heart disease in some people.
Cross-Over Foods
Dry beans, peas and lentils fit in
either the meat and meat-alternatives group or the vegetable group. They make
tasty low-fat main dishes that are good sources of water, fiber and protein.
Milk, Yogurt and Cheese
Choose skim milk or buttermilk.
Substitute evaporated skim milk for cream in recipes for soups and sauces.
Try low-fat cheeses. Skim ricotta can
replace cream cheese on a bagel or in a vegetable dip. Use part-skim mozzarella
instead of cheddar cheese in recipes. Try low-fat natural or cheddar cheeses.
Use 1% cottage cheese for salads and cooking. Use string cheese as a low-fat,
high-calcium snack. Plain non-fat yogurt can replace sour cream in many recipes.
Try frozen non-fat or low-fat yogurt for dessert. Skim sherbet is an alternative
to ice cream. Soft-serve and regular ice creams are lower in fat than premium
styles.